Ghazalian, Pascal

Chair/Professor

Economics Department

Phone
(403) 329-2514
Email
pascal.ghazalian@uleth.ca

Biography


I am a Professor of Economics at the University of Lethbridge in Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada. I am also an Affiliated Researcher at the Prentice Institute for Global Population and Economy and a Research Fellow at the Global Labor Organization (GLO).
 
I received my Ph.D. in Agricultural and Resource Economics from the University of Saskatchewan in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada, in 2006. I also earned an M.S. in Economics (2000) and an S.P.U.D. in Economics (1999) from the International Centre for Advanced Mediterranean Agronomic Studies – Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania (CIHEAM–MAICh) in Chania, Crete, Greece.
 
Prior to joining the Department of Economics at the University of Lethbridge, I was a Postdoctoral Research Fellow at the Centre for Research on the Economics of Agri-food (CRÉA) at Université Laval in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, from 2005 to 2008. I have also been a visiting scholar at several institutions, including the University of British Columbia, the University of Manitoba, Université Laval, and Nyenrode Business Universiteit in Breukelen, the Netherlands.
 
I currently serve as Chair of the Department of Economics at the University of Lethbridge. I have been a member of the Canadian Economics Association (CEA), the Canadian Agricultural Economics Society (CAES), the Western Economic Association International (WEAI), and the Agricultural Economics Society (AES). I also serve as Associate Editor of the Cureus Journal of Business and Economics and as a member of the Editorial Board of Agriculture (Section: Agricultural Economics, Policies and Rural Management). Previously, I served on the Editorial Board of the Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics (2014–2017) and on the Board of Directors of the Canadian Agricultural Economics Society (2017–2020).
 
My primary fields of research are international economics, development economics, agricultural and resource economics, food economics, and applied econometrics. My secondary fields include environmental economics and labour economics. My research examines, among other topics, international trade policy and trade barriers; trade in agricultural and food products; trade in manufactured products; regional and multilateral trade agreements; foreign direct investment and multinational enterprises; economic globalization; foreign aid and development agencies; research and development (R&D) and innovation; female labour market outcomes and labour market constraints; best management practices; the economies of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA); and economic development in low- and middle-income countries.
 
My research has been published in peer-reviewed scholarly journals, including the American Journal of Agricultural Economics, World Development, Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics, Applied Economics, International Journal of Manpower, Journal of International Trade and Economic Development, Journal of Economic Studies, Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, Agricultural Economics, and Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, among others.

Publications


 
Ghazalian, Pascal L. 2025. “Women Through the COVID-19 Pandemic: Challenges, Consequences, and Resilience.” Encyclopedia, 5(4), Article 167.
 
Ghazalian, Pascal L. 2025. “Globalization and the Fallout of the COVID-19 Pandemic.” World, 6(1), Article 4.
 
Ghazalian, Pascal L. 2024. “Women in Transition: The Dynamic Effects of Inward FDI on Female Employment in the Economy and Across Sectors.” Economies, 12(12), Article 318.
 
Ghazalian, Pascal L. 2024. “Enhancing Canada’s Beef Exports and Competitiveness in the Global Market.” The School of Public Policy Publications, 17(1): 1–31.
 
Ghazalian, Pascal L. 2024. “Does Economic Growth Attract FDI Inflows? A Dynamic Panel Analysis.” Economies, 12(1), Article 1.
 
Yener, Gizem, Arzu Secer, and Pascal L. Ghazalian. 2023. “What Factors Influence Consumers to Buy Green Products? An Analysis through the Motivation–Opportunity–Ability Framework and Consumer Awareness.” Sustainability, 15(18), Article 13872.
 
Ghazalian, Pascal L. 2022. “The Arab Spring and Its Implications for FDI Inflows to the MENA Region.” Review of Middle East Economics and Finance, 18(3): 107–138.
 
Ghazalian, Pascal L. 2022. “Economic Growth and Female Employment across Sectors.” International Advances in Economic Research, 28(3): 183–185.
 
Ghazalian, Pascal L. 2022. “The Effects of the Arab Spring on Female Labour Force Participation in the MENA Region.” Economics of Transition and Institutional Change, 30(4): 869–900.
 
Fakih, Ali, and Pascal L. Ghazalian. 2021. “Did the Arab Spring Lead to Economic, Institutional and Sociopolitical Changes? An Empirical Analysis through the Perceptions of Egyptian Youth.” International Journal of Social Economics, 48(11): 1658–1676.
 
Ghazalian, Pascal L., and Mohammad Hammoud. 2021. “The Peace Level of Nations: An Empirical Investigation into the Determining Factors.” Defence and Peace Economics, 32(5): 509–532.
 
Fakih, Ali, Pascal L. Ghazalian, and Nancy Ghazzawi. 2020. “The Effects of Power Outages on the Performance of Manufacturing Firms in the MENA Region.” Review of Middle East Economics and Finance, 16(3), Article 20200011.
 
Cardwell, Ryan, and Pascal L. Ghazalian. 2020. “COVID-19 and International Food Assistance: Policy Proposals to Keep Food Flowing.” World Development, 135, Article 105059.
 
Cardwell, Ryan, and Pascal L. Ghazalian. 2020. “The Effects of Untying International Food Assistance: The Case of Canada — Authors’ Response to Comment.” American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 102(4): 1081–1082.
 
Cardwell, Ryan, and Pascal L. Ghazalian. 2020. “The Effects of Untying International Food Assistance: The Case of Canada.” American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 102(4): 1056–1078. [Lead Article].
 
Ghazalian, Pascal L., and Bahareh Mosadegh Sedghy. 2019. “Changes in Canada’s Preferential Trade Network and the Welfare Effects in Agricultural Markets.” The Estey Journal of International Law and Trade Policy, 20(1): 28–48.
 
Ghazalian, Pascal L., and Frederick Amponsem. 2019. “The Effects of Economic Freedom on FDI Inflows: An Empirical Analysis.” Applied Economics, 51(11): 1111–1132.
 
Ghazalian, Pascal L. 2019. “Canada’s Beef Exports: Border Effects and Prospects for Market Access.” Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics, 67(1): 53–74.
 
Cardwell, Ryan, and Pascal L. Ghazalian. 2018. “The Effects of Aid Agency Independence on Bilateral Aid Allocation Decisions.” World Development, 106, 136–148.
 
Ghazalian, Pascal L. 2017. “The Effects of NAFTA/CUSFTA on Agricultural Trade Flows: An Empirical Investigation.” Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics, 65(2): 219–248.
 
Ghazalian, Pascal L., and Ali Fakih. 2017. “R&D and Innovation in Food Processing Firms in Transition Countries.” Journal of Agricultural Economics, 68(2): 427–450.
 
Ghazalian, Pascal L. 2016. “Processed Food Trade of Greece with EU and Non-EU Countries: An Empirical Analysis.” International Journal of Food and Beverage Manufacturing and Business Models, 1(2): 15–30.
 
Fakih, Ali, and Pascal L. Ghazalian. 2015. “What Factors Influence Firm Perceptions of Labour Market Constraints to Growth in the MENA Region?” International Journal of Manpower, 36(8): 1181–1206.
 
Cardwell, Ryan, and Pascal L. Ghazalian. 2015. “The TRIPS Agreement as a Coercive Threat: Estimating the Effects of Trade Ties on IPR Protection Regimes.” Global Economy Journal, 15(2): 257–275.
 
Ghazalian, Pascal L. 2015. “The New Tomato Suspension Agreement: What are the Implications for Trade Flows?” Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics, 63(3): 359–380.
 
Ghazalian, Pascal L. 2015. “On the Magnitude of the Geographic Distance Effect on Primary Agricultural and Processed Food Trade.” Agribusiness: An International Journal, 31(2): 148–170.
 
Fakih, Ali, and Pascal L. Ghazalian. 2015. “Female Employment in MENA’s Manufacturing Sector: The Implications of Firm-Related and National Factors.” Economic Change and Restructuring, 48(1): 37–69.
 
Fakih, Ali, and Pascal L. Ghazalian. 2014. “Which Firms Export? An Empirical Analysis for the Manufacturing Sector in the MENA Region.” Journal of Economic Studies, 41(5): 672–695.
 
Ghazalian, Pascal L. 2013. “On the Relationship between Regional Trade Agreements and Agricultural Technology and Productivity.” Agricultural and Food Economics, Article 1(7): 1–18.
 
Ghazalian, Pascal L. 2013. “MERCOSUR Enlargement: Predicting the Effects on Trade in Primary Agricultural Commodities.” Economic Change and Restructuring, 46(3): 277–297.
 
Ghazalian, Pascal L., Lota D. Tamini, Bruno Larue, and Jean-Philippe Gervais. 2012. “A Gravity Model to Account for Vertical Linkages between Markets with an Application to the Cattle/Beef Sector.” Journal of International Trade and Economic Development, 21(4): 579–601.
 
Ghazalian, Pascal L. 2012. “Home Bias in Primary Agricultural and Processed Food Trade: Assessing the Effects of National Degree of Uncertainty Aversion.” Journal of Agricultural Economics, 63(2): 265–290.
 
Ghazalian, Pascal L. 2012. “Assessing the Effects of International Trade on Private R&D Expenditures in the Food Processing Sector.” Industry and Innovation, 19(4): 349–369.
 
Tamini, Lota D., Pascal L. Ghazalian, Jean-Philippe Gervais, and Bruno Larue. 2012. “Trade Liberalization in Primary and Processed Agricultural Products: Should Developing Countries Favour Tariff or Domestic Support Reductions?” International Economic Journal, 26(1): 85–107.
 
Cardwell, Ryan, and Pascal L. Ghazalian. 2012. “The Effects of the TRIPS Agreement on International Protection of Intellectual Property Rights.” International Trade Journal, 26(1): 19–36.
 
Ghazalian, Pascal L., Bruno Larue, and Jean-Philippe Gervais. 2011. “Assessing the Implications of Regional Preferential Market Access for Meat Commodities.” Agribusiness: An International Journal, 27(3): 292–310.
 
Ghazalian, Pascal L., and Ryan Cardwell. 2010. “Did the Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture Affect Trade Flows? An Empirical Investigation for Meat Commodities.” International Advances in Economic Research, 16(4): 331–344.
 
Ghazalian, Pascal L., Bruno Larue, and Gale E. West. 2010. “Best Management Practices and the Production of Good and Bad Outputs.” Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics, 58(3): 283–302.
 
Ghazalian, Pascal L., and Ryan Cardwell. 2010. “Multilateral Trade Liberalisation and FDI: An Analytical Framework for the Implications for Trading Blocs.” The Estey Journal of International Law and Trade Policy, 11(1): 192–212.
 
Ghazalian, Pascal L., and W. Hartley Furtan. 2009. “Home Market Effect in the Presence of Multinational Activities: Location and Nationality.” International Review of Economics, 56(4): 377–392.
 
Ghazalian, Pascal L., Bruno Larue, and Gale E. West.2009. “Best Management Practices to Enhance Water Quality: Who is Adopting Them?” Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, 41(3): 663–682.
 
Ghazalian, Pascal L., and W. Hartley Furtan. 2009. “CUSFTA Effects: A Joint Consideration of Trade and Multinational Activities.” Journal of International Trade and Economic Development, 18(4): 487–504.
 
Ghazalian, Pascal L., Bruno Larue, and Jean-Philippe Gervais. 2009. “Exporting to New Destinations and the Effects of Tariffs: The Case of Meat Commodities.” Agricultural Economics, 40(6): 701–714.
 
Ghazalian, Pascal L., and Ryan Cardwell. 2009. “Liberalisation of Trade in Primary Agricultural Commodities: Expected Effects on Food-Processing FDI.” The Estey Journal of International Law and Trade Policy, 10(1): 209–222.
 
Ghazalian, Pascal L., and W. Hartley Furtan. 2008. “The Effects of Multinational Activities on the Measurement of Home Bias.” Journal of the Japanese and International Economies,22(3): 401–416.
 
Ghazalian, Pascal L., and W. Hartley Furtan. 2007. “The Effect of Innovation on Agricultural and Agri-food Exports in OECD Countries.” Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, 32(3): 448–461.

Research Interests


Primary fields: international economics; development economics; agricultural and resource economics; food economics; applied econometrics.
 
Secondary fields: environmental economics; labour economics.
 
Research topics: international trade policy and trade barriers; trade in agricultural and food products; trade in manufactured products; regional and multilateral trade agreements; foreign direct investment and multinational enterprises; economic globalization; foreign aid and development agencies; research and development (R&D) and innovation; female labour market outcomes and labour market constraints; best management practices; the economies of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA); economic development in low- and middle-income countries.